// https://tc39.github.io/ecma262/#sec-array.prototype.includes
if (!Array.prototype.includes) {
    Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype, 'includes', {
        value: function (searchElement, fromIndex) {

            if (this == null) {
                throw new TypeError('"this" is null or not defined');
            }

            // 1. Let O be ? ToObject(this value).
            var o = Object(this);

            // 2. Let len be ? ToLength(? Get(O, "length")).
            var len = o.length >>> 0;

            // 3. If len is 0, return false.
            if (len === 0) {
                return false;
            }

            // 4. Let n be ? ToInteger(fromIndex).
            //    (If fromIndex is undefined, this step produces the value 0.)
            var n = fromIndex | 0;

            // 5. If n ≥ 0, then
            //  a. Let k be n.
            // 6. Else n < 0,
            //  a. Let k be len + n.
            //  b. If k < 0, let k be 0.
            var k = Math.max(n >= 0 ? n : len - Math.abs(n), 0);

            function sameValueZero(x, y) {
                return x === y || (typeof x === 'number' && typeof y === 'number' && isNaN(x) && isNaN(y));
            }

            // 7. Repeat, while k < len
            while (k < len) {
                // a. Let elementK be the result of ? Get(O, ! ToString(k)).
                // b. If SameValueZero(searchElement, elementK) is true, return true.
                if (sameValueZero(o[k], searchElement)) {
                    return true;
                }
                // c. Increase k by 1. 
                k++;
            }

            // 8. Return false
            return false;
        }
    });
}

// Production steps of ECMA-262, Edition 5, 15.4.4.19
// Reference: http://es5.github.io/#x15.4.4.19
if (!Array.prototype.map) {

    Array.prototype.map = function (callback/*, thisArg*/) {

        var T, A, k;

        if (this == null) {
            throw new TypeError('this is null or not defined');
        }

        // 1. Let O be the result of calling ToObject passing the |this| 
        //    value as the argument.
        var O = Object(this);

        // 2. Let lenValue be the result of calling the Get internal 
        //    method of O with the argument "length".
        // 3. Let len be ToUint32(lenValue).
        var len = O.length >>> 0;

        // 4. If IsCallable(callback) is false, throw a TypeError exception.
        // See: http://es5.github.com/#x9.11
        if (typeof callback !== 'function') {
            throw new TypeError(callback + ' is not a function');
        }

        // 5. If thisArg was supplied, let T be thisArg; else let T be undefined.
        if (arguments.length > 1) {
            T = arguments[1];
        }

        // 6. Let A be a new array created as if by the expression new Array(len) 
        //    where Array is the standard built-in constructor with that name and 
        //    len is the value of len.
        A = new Array(len);

        // 7. Let k be 0
        k = 0;

        // 8. Repeat, while k < len
        while (k < len) {

            var kValue, mappedValue;

            // a. Let Pk be ToString(k).
            //   This is implicit for LHS operands of the in operator
            // b. Let kPresent be the result of calling the HasProperty internal 
            //    method of O with argument Pk.
            //   This step can be combined with c
            // c. If kPresent is true, then
            if (k in O) {

                // i. Let kValue be the result of calling the Get internal 
                //    method of O with argument Pk.
                kValue = O[k];

                // ii. Let mappedValue be the result of calling the Call internal 
                //     method of callback with T as the this value and argument 
                //     list containing kValue, k, and O.
                mappedValue = callback.call(T, kValue, k, O);

                // iii. Call the DefineOwnProperty internal method of A with arguments
                // Pk, Property Descriptor
                // { Value: mappedValue,
                //   Writable: true,
                //   Enumerable: true,
                //   Configurable: true },
                // and false.

                // In browsers that support Object.defineProperty, use the following:
                // Object.defineProperty(A, k, {
                //   value: mappedValue,
                //   writable: true,
                //   enumerable: true,
                //   configurable: true
                // });

                // For best browser support, use the following:
                A[k] = mappedValue;
            }
            // d. Increase k by 1.
            k++;
        }

        // 9. return A
        return A;
    };
}

// Production steps of ECMA-262, Edition 5, 15.4.4.17
// Reference: http://es5.github.io/#x15.4.4.17
if (!Array.prototype.some) {
    Array.prototype.some = function (fun/*, thisArg*/) {
        'use strict';

        if (this == null) {
            throw new TypeError('Array.prototype.some called on null or undefined');
        }

        if (typeof fun !== 'function') {
            throw new TypeError();
        }

        var t = Object(this);
        var len = t.length >>> 0;

        var thisArg = arguments.length >= 2 ? arguments[1] : void 0;
        for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            if (i in t && fun.call(thisArg, t[i], i, t)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    };
}

if (!Array.prototype.filter) {
    Array.prototype.filter = function (func, thisArg) {
        'use strict';
        if (!((typeof func === 'Function' || typeof func === 'function') && this))
            throw new TypeError();

        var len = this.length >>> 0,
            res = new Array(len), // preallocate array
            t = this, c = 0, i = -1;
        if (thisArg === undefined)
            while (++i !== len)
                // checks to see if the key was set
                if (i in this)
                    if (func(t[i], i, t))
                        res[c++] = t[i];
                    else
                        while (++i !== len)
                            // checks to see if the key was set
                            if (i in this)
                                if (func.call(thisArg, t[i], i, t))
                                    res[c++] = t[i];

        res.length = c; // shrink down array to proper size
        return res;
    };
}

Array.prototype.pushArray = function () {
    var toPush = this.concat.apply([], arguments);
    for (var i = 0, len = toPush.length; i < len; ++i) {
        this.push(toPush[i]);
    }
};